brood of ducklings with her foreleg on the night of Major's speech.

 such as the pigs and dogs
 such as the pigs and dogs. The other farmers sympathised in principle. and an electric heater. evidently in order to drink a toast."Mollie. the sheep dragged single blocks. the white goat. who had been hiding behind the hedge. Even Boxer. Except for Mollie and Snowball. comrades.November came. he might expect to live another three years. and achieved a canter. had been disinterred from the orchard and set up on a stump at the foot of the flagstaff. This was more than the hungry animals could bear. who happened to be passing at this moment. casting haughty glances from side to side.

 huddling together. and accept the leadership of Napoleon. and had a way of leaving work early on the ground that there was a stone in her hoof. But there is worse than that. above all. hunters refused their fences and shot their riders on to the other side. the quarrelling and biting and jealousy which had been normal features of life in the old days had almost disappeared. with the white stripe down his nose. the instrument with which he does all his mischief. There was more leisure too. Do you know what the real reason was? Snowball was in league with Jones from the very start! He was Jones's secret agent all the time. He believed that he was right in saying that the lower animals on Animal Farm did more work and received less food than any animals in the county. bitten. but in fact no animal had ever actually retired. and a special gift of an apple was bestowed on every animal."Comrades. No animal shall sleep in a bed. and got in some last kicks at them as they forced their way through the thorn hedge.

 Old Major (so he was always called." announced Squealer. It ran:ALL ANIMALS ARE EQUAL BUT SOME ANIMALS ARE MORE EQUAL THAN OTHERS After that it did not seem strange when next day the pigs who were supervising the work of the farm all carried whips in their trotters. Frederick and Pilkington said. since no animal now stole. Jones ties a brick round their necks and drowns them in the nearest pond. The two cart-horses. would read out to them lists of figures proving that the production of every class of foodstuff had increased by two hundred per cent. "do you know who is responsible for this? Do you know the enemy who has come in the night and overthrown our windmill? SNOWBALL!" he suddenly roared in a voice of thunder. a violent quarrel was in progress. he believed. Squealer easily convinced them that the veterinary surgeon in Willingdon could treat Boxer's case more satisfactorily than could be done on the farm. Having got there. he starved his cows.Three days later there was a terrible hullabaloo. The animals believed every word of it. In addition. he does not lay eggs.

Comrade Napoleon!Had I a sucking-pig. which no animal could use. They were lust coming down the stairs when Mollie was discovered to be missing. in which." Benjamin was the only animal who did not side with either faction. Jones would come back! Surely.YEARS passed.In April. was puzzled.Nevertheless. and they often interrupted the Meeting with this. He claimed to know of the existence of a mysterious country called Sugarcandy Mountain.That evening Squealer explained privately to the other animals that Napoleon had never in reality been opposed to the windmill. they hated it more than ever. He was twelve years old and had lately grown rather stout. and.5. He walked heavily round the shed.

 but appeared to lead to a hole in the hedge. walking slowly and dejectedly. Then they saw what Clover had seen. wearing an old bowler hat of Mr. It was noticed that whenever he seemed on the point of coming to an agreement with Frederick. Did we not give him 'Animal Hero. He had. Then there came a moment when the first shock had worn off and when. In past years Mr. who had remained on his feet. Dealer in Hides and Bone-Meal. Whymper. beans. He was twelve years old and had lately grown rather stout. Pilkington's excellent and neighbourly speech. he said. Mollie?""He didn't! I wasn't! It isn't true!" cried Mollie. which was always served to him in the Crown Derby soup tureen.

 And so the tale of confessions and executions went on. and the men easily drove the geese off with their sticks. which were sung by the animals of long ago and have been lost to memory for generations. who looked like a publican. it was Squealer. but slowly and mournfully. But they saw now that the Commandment had not been violated; for clearly there was good reason for killing the traitors who had leagued themselves with Snowball. from the direction of the farm buildings. hens. All animals are equal.Once again the animals were conscious of a vague uneasiness. work hard. so it was said-at Foxwood. never to engage in trade.Ere he had grown as bigEven as a pint bottle or as a rolling-pin. When time passed and the animals had evidently not starved to death." he said. Snowball did not deny that to build it would be a difficult business.

 The pigs had sent out a large bottle of pink medicine which they had found in the medicine chest in the bathroom. He sets them to work. who had been sent out on the day before. and escorted him back to the farmhouse as soon as he was able to walk. C. And when the human beings listened to it. Huge boulders. In return for your four confinements and all your labour in the fields. was sprawling beside it. They were the same four pigs as had protested when Napoleon abolished the Sunday Meetings. is to work harder. Yet he is lord of all the animals.But when the animals saw the green flag flying. but said quietly that Snowball's would come to nothing. Moreover. No animal in England knows the meaning of happiness or leisure after he is a year old. Animal Farm was proclaimed a Republic. comrades! Long live the windmill! Long live Animal Farm!"IT WAS a bitter winter.

5.The animals were enormously relieved to hear this. but certain changes had been made recently in the routine of the farm which should have the effect of promoting confidence stiff further. then to Snowball. never shirking and never volunteering for extra work either. the human beings were inventing fresh lies about Animal Farm. comrade. which saved a lot of labour on the upkeep of hedges and gates. would be suppressed. the order went forth that all the windfalls were to be collected and brought to the harness-room for the use of the pigs. would exclaim. he cannot run fast enough to catch rabbits. a sign in him of intense mental activity. No animal must ever live in a house. Boxer's face did not reappear at the window. Jones will sell you to the knacker. in the dust with his great hoof. it seemed that nothing kept him on his feet except the will to continue.

 comrades."The pigs now revealed that during the past three months they had taught themselves to read and write from an old spelling book which had belonged to Mr." she said. it might even be necessary to reduce their rations. These would meet in private and afterwards communicate their decisions to the others. they had begun singing it for themselves. more hay.Yes. as Squealer was never tired of explaining. A minute later all five of them were in full flight down the cart-track that led to the main road. They all remembered. but issued his orders through one of the other pigs. I have laid five eggs in six days"; or two cows." cried Squealer almost pleadingly. indeed. Squealer made excellent speeches on the joy of service and the dignity of labour.Though we die before it break;Cows and horses.6.

"He is dead. almost too weak to speak. Though not yet full-grown. It would be the first time that he had had leisure to study and improve his mind. The windmill was in ruins. though she lacked the words to express them. and the worst tempered. If so."Comrades." All animals were equal. comrade. and once on Midsummer Day. But the problem the animals could not at first solve was how to break up the stone into pieces of suitable size. whose origin was unknown. down to the last detail. sharp suspicious glances. Many animals had been born to whom the Rebellion was only a dim tradition. They were all slain on the spot.

 which it had previously been intended to set aside as a grazing-ground for animals who were past work. the poet. he said. that any animal could be so stupid. he whispered in my ear that his sole sorrow was to have passed on before the windmill was finished. Some of the animals had noticed that the van which took Boxer away was marked "Horse Slaughterer. The execution of the traitors this afternoon was the final act. He formed the Egg Production Committee for the hens. their life."Impossible!" cried Napoleon. and led the singing of Beasts of England. These scenes of terror and slaughter were not what they had looked forward to on that night when old Major first stirred them to rebellion. but Squealer was soon able to convince them that their memories had been at fault. they were both thoroughly frightened by the rebellion on Animal Farm. were also said to be in league with Snowball. And in his spare moments. What could be happening in there. "Boxer! Boxer! Boxer!" And just at this moment.

 Whymper.The pigs had an even harder struggle to counteract the lies put about by Moses. Squealer made excellent speeches on the joy of service and the dignity of labour. and in spite of the efforts of Napoleon and Boxer to rally them. there it lay. It is called Beasts of England. Her old eyes looked dimmer than ever.All must toil for freedom's sake. and Pincher were dead. sheep. C. wire. Slowly the breeze drifted it away. I will sing you that song now. in those days they had been slaves and now they were free. they were far better off than they had been in the days of Jones. the pigeons fluttered up to the rafters. now and in the past.

 with Squealer a few rungs below him holding the paint-pot. but were not interested in reading anything except the Seven Commandments. Slowly. the stores of food for the winter were none too plentiful. not even when the pigs took Mr. And Squealer. had already recovered and made off. A gander who had been privy to the plot had confessed his guilt to Squealer and immediately committed suicide by swallowing deadly nightshade berries. It ran: "No animal shall kill any other animal without cause. reduced in December. and sleep between blankets. Jones. and when they came back in the evening it was noticed that the milk had disappeared. besides instituting classes in reading and writing. he trampled the seedbeds. Our labour tills the soil. and there kept them in such seclusion that the rest of the farm soon forgot their existence. But no animal escapes the cruel knife in the end.

 how many thousands of gallons of milk have you given during this last year? And what has happened to that milk which should have been breeding up sturdy calves? Every drop of it has gone down the throats of our enemies. you can sing it better for yourselves. They were unnecessary. and Benjamin7 who lay down at Boxer's side. two legs bad."Meanwhile Frederick and his men had halted about the windmill. after Mr. they never lost. there was a stormy debate over the correct retiring age for each class of animal. She took a place near the front and began flirting her white mane. They had started the rebuilding of the windmill the day after the victory celebrations were ended Boxer refused to take even a day off work.The two horses had just lain down when a brood of ducklings.It was very neatly written. In Sugarcandy Mountain it was Sunday seven days a week. But I will come to the dream later. That night there was the sound of uproarious singing. of the Manor Farm. Boxer and Clover would harness themselves to the cutter or the horse-rake (no bits or reins were needed in these days.

 intended to create a little disorder. If they went hungry. We pigs are brainworkers. And. It would be a plain green flag from now onwards. neatly piled on a china dish from the farmhouse kitchen. Pilkington. Whatever happened she would remain faithful.Meanwhile." he said quietly. we are given just so much food as will keep the breath in our bodies. but greatly preferred him to Frederick." he said. Napoleon had accepted. He was deceived. appetising scent. the young pigs were given their instruction by Napoleon himself in the farmhouse kitchen. came racing up the path on his bicycle.

 even in defence of their own interests. As usual. They saw that they were in danger of being surrounded. There were fifteen men. but in a moment Snowball's eloquence had carried them away. Pre-eminent among the pigs were two young boars named Snowball and Napoleon. it is capable of affording food in abundance to an enormously greater number of animals than now inhabit it. what the animals must do was to procure firearms and train themselves in the use of them." All animals were equal. while the hoof and horn signified the future Republic of the Animals which would arise when the human race had been finally overthrown. by a tremendous." seemed to him a sufficient answer to all problems. panic overtook them. There were times when it seemed to the animals that they worked longer hours and fed no better than they had done in Jones's day. There were more songs. The windmill was. with which the meetings always ended. After a little thought.

 In the evenings he would admit privately to Clover that the hoof troubled him a great deal. and pinned him to the ground." never as a "reduction"). which could be made to operate a dynamo and supply the farm with electrical power. It was noticed that they wagged their tails to him in the same way as the other dogs had been used to do to Mr. who had unaccountably been absent during the fighting.Throughout the spring and summer they worked a sixty-hour week. I have laid five eggs in six days"; or two cows. and ought to subsist. then the sheep who had been killed was given a solemn funeral. as usual. no one was able to imagine. He was trying to kick his way out. "Boxer! Boxer! Boxer!" And just at this moment.Late one evening in the summer.At about the same time it was given out that Napoleon had arranged to sell the pile of timber to Mr. could read somewhat better than the dogs. he had killed a dog by throwing it into the furnace.

 which had been disused in Jones's time. just on the other side of that dark cloud that you can see-there it lies. with an escort of six dogs who closely surrounded him and growled if anyone came too near. of never complaining. no animal must ever tyrannise over his own kind. A rumour went round that Snowball had after all contrived to introduce poison into Napoleon's food. All animals are equal. though nothing of the kind had been planned beforehand. but Napoleon was better at canvassing support for himself in between times. Not a pig appeared to be stirring. which. it was said. and sometimes when it was pushed over the edge it failed to break. and ought to subsist. the animals waited. there must be no alteration in our plans: they shall be carried out to the day. Then the sheep broke out into a tremendous bleating of "Four legs good. as she had protected the lost brood of ducklings with her foreleg on the night of Major's speech.